Sherlock Holmes is the main character in this collection of stories; however, most information about him is filtered through Watson’s narration. The doctor describes him as an ideal Victorian man—someone who is in control of himself and the world around him. He does not give in to emotions, which are seen as chaotic, wild, and typical of women. The detective is also well-mannered, something that was as important as appearance in the 19th century. He is extremely intelligent and obsessed with observation and deduction informed by scientific data collection and experimentation.

Because of his intelligence, Holmes is presented as a superhuman, almost omniscient being, who also has the power to show mercy or punish wrongdoers. However, his intelligence is also his weakness, causing him to suffer from boredom, which he attempts to alleviate through drugs and work. His interest in puzzles also often leads him to dismiss people as individuals with feelings and emotions in favor of the mysteries they are involved in. Holmes does not seem capable of empathy or romantic feelings. Except for his use of cocaine and tobacco, the detective’s lifestyle is quite ascetic.

There is almost no biographical information provided except that the detective lives alone and greatly enjoys music.