Folly now considers political affairs. War is one of the greatest human follies, for it takes great effort and “does more harm than good to either side” (37). Moreover, war requires “sturdy fellows” with “a minimum of brain” (37), not wise men. Philosophers are useless for public affairs, as evidenced by the demise of Socrates. States ruled by philosophers or literary men have failed, and philosophers have usually not produced wise children. Worse perhaps, wise men are socially inept and incapable of managing the practical aspects of everyday life.

Folly goes on to show that she is responsible for many areas of human endeavor. For example, the common people are more swayed by foolish fables than by the arguments of philosophers. Politicians reveal foolish tendencies when they attempt to woo a crowd for votes and fame. The foolish public often elevates unworthy figures to a quasi-divine status. The thirst for illusory and empty fame also spurs artists to produce their creations.

Folly shows that prudence and folly are connected. Wise men who are restrained in their actions are often timid and fearful, whereas fools act recklessly and acquire true prudence through experience.

Everyone exercises prudence in different ways throughout life, putting on different masks like actors in a play.